Global climate: Tough little girl


Pakistan : EL NIÑO, a periodic sloshing of warm water from west to east across the Pacific, gets its name—“the boy child”—because it is around Christmas that it warms the water off Peru.

PHOTOS: Christmas in pictures

It is now understood to have far wider effects, leading to characteristic patterns of temperature, rainfall and drought around much of the world.

VIDEOS: Christmas in videos

El Niño’s female counterpart, La Niña—a cooler sloshing from east to west—is less well known, and less frequent. But it t...

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